(Yes, I’m still reading the Economist!)
Perhaps because the historic claim to nationhood is shaky, language has become an obsession for the nationalists. Franco banned the public use of Catalan, Euskera (Basque) and Gallego. The constitution made these languages official ones alongside Spanish in their respective territories. In Catalonia the official policy of the Generalitat (the regional government), under both the nationalists (some of whom are really localists) and now the Socialists, is one of “bilingualism”. In practice this means that all primary and secondary schooling is conducted in Catalan, with Spanish taught as a foreign language. Catalan is also the language of regional government. A Spaniard who speaks no Catalan has almost no chance of teaching at a university in Barcelona. A play or film in Spanish will not be subsidised from public funds. “If we don’t make a big effort to preserve our own language, it risks disappearing,” says Mr Mas.
Which doesn’t seem very fair to the 50% or so of the population in Catalonia from Spanish speaking origins and as a result of the growing dissatisfaction of Spanish-speaking parents, the Platform for the Freedom of Linguistic Choice has been created and a manifesto signed by the likes of Placido Domingo and Iker Casillas (the Real Madrid goalie for all you philistines out there!) has been drawn up asking for the right of citizens to be educated in Spanish to be respected.
Unsurprisingly, a similar problem exists in the Basque Country:
Catalan and Spanish are more or less mutually comprehensible. Not so Euskera, which does not belong to the Indo-European family of languages. The Basque government allows schools to choose between three alternative curriculums, one in Euskera, another in Spanish and the third half and half. But in practice only schools in poor immigrant areas now offer the Spanish curriculum. Despite these efforts, Basque and Catalan are far from universally spoken in their respective territories: only around half of Catalans habitually use Catalan and about 25% of Basques speak Euskera.
And does these kind of tactics sounds familiar?:
But Susana Marqués, of the Platform for the Freedom of Linguistic Choice, claimed that schools teaching Spanish have become ghettoes hampered by lack of funding because the authorities are keen to promote Basque at all cost. She said the Basque authorities want schools to have a high level of Basque in order to receive generous local funding. 'The only way to do this is total immersion in the language. In 20 years of this policy they still have not managed to get bilingualism here. It is not the language of the street. And 70 per cent of companies here never use Basque.'
If Spanish were a minority language within the regions, then technically both the Basque and Catalan authorities (and ironically probably also the central authorities) would be in breach of Article 8 of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...as it is, the form of devolved governmental system which Spain presently suffers from would appear to be almost guaranteeing this form of educational linguistic discrimination.
2 comments:
I beleive that the attempted dominance of English, as a world language, is contributing to the extinction of minority languages. A non-national, neutral, language could eliminate this by placing all languages on an equal footing. There is an alternative to English as the dominant World Language, and its name is Esperanto.
Esperanto is now within the top 100 languages, out of 6,800 worldwide, according to the CIA factbook. It is the 17th most used language in Wikipedia, and in use by Skype, Firefox and Facebook.
The World Esperanto Association enjoys consultative relations with both the United Nations and UNESCO.
Evidence can be seen at http://www.lernu.net
An interesting video can be seen at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_LV9XU
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